Glossary

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

  • ADAS
    Advanced driver assistance system, a system to help the driver in the driving process. When designed with a safe human-machine interface, they should increase car safety and more generally road safety
  • ASIL
    Automotive safety integrity level, one of four levels to specify the item’s or element’s necessary requirements of ISO 26262 and safety measures, with D representing the most stringent and A the least stringent level
  • ASPICE
    Automotive Software Process Improvement and Capability is a model framework for evaluating the R&D capabilities of software development teams in the automotive industry.
  • Automated Driving Domain Controller

    The domain controller applied in the field of automated driving can enable the vehicle to have the capabilities of multi-sensor fusion, positioning, path planning, decision-making and controlling. Through sensor data processing and multi-sensor information fusion, as well as appropriate working models to formulate corresponding strategies, horizontal and vertical control of vehicle are planned and decided. ADAS automated driving domain controller is evolving from the past distributed system architecture to the domain centralized architecture.

  • Automotive Electronic
    Electronic systems, such as engine management and ignition, that are used in road vehicles
  • Automotive Electronic Components
    Components in automotive electronic system
  • Automotive Functional Safety
    Automotive functional safety refers to the absence of unreasonable risks caused by hazards caused by E/E system failure behaviors. Functional safety focuses on realizing the functional safety of E/E systems through safety measures including safety mechanisms. For E/E systems related to functional safety, risk prevention not only needs to be carried out from the perspective of complete product development process management, but also detection measures and control measures need to be designed from the perspective of development to reduce unreasonable risks. Among them, whether the evaluation system meets the requirements of functional safety needs to be evaluated based on whether it reaches the ASIL (Automotive Safety Integrity Level) level it should achieve. Functional safety-related ASIL levels correspond to four levels: ASIL A, ASIL B, ASIL C, and ASIL D. Among them, ASIL D is the most stringent, and each functional safety-related system needs to evaluate the safety goal of the system and its ASIL level based on hazard analysis and risk assessment.
  • Automotive Information Security
    Information security can be roughly catagorized into network security, application security and data security. In the context of automated and connected vehicles, the demand for in-vehicle connectivity and network interconnection technology has increased, and vehicle software and vehicle networks have become more and more complex. The integration of smart cars requires rapid update and deployment of mobile devices, Internet services and a variety of applications, so there are security threats from the cloud, management, and end levels, which together form a protection system for automotive information security.
  • AUTOSAR

    Automotive Open System Architecture is a software development framework for automotive ECUs, which will be used as the basic infrastructure for managing future applications and functions in standard software modules.

B

  • BEV
    Battery Electric Vehicle
  • BMS

    Battery management system, an electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery, such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area, monitoring its state, and calculating secondary data

  • Body Control
    The function of the body control system is to ensure the safety, comfort and convenience of vehicles

C

  • Central Gateway
    An electronic unit that provide various communication interface and responsible for data exchange between different in-vehicle components and sub-systems
  • Connected Vehicle Gateway Control Unit
    The vehicle gateway is an electronic control unit used for data forwarding and transmission between multiple networks in the car. As a communication bridge between various ECU networks, the gateway controller realizes data exchange through external interfaces (including high and low speed CAN/CAN_FD, LIN, FlexRay and Ethernet protocols) and plays a fundamental role.

D

  • DC-DC Converter

    Electronic circuit or electromechanical device that converts a source of direct current (DC) from one voltage level to another

  • Driver Monitoring System DMS
    The Driver Monitoring System mainly uses an infrared camera facing the driver to monitor the driver’s head, eyes, face and other details in real time, and then performs pattern recognition on the acquired information to make judgment on whether driver is fatigue or distracted .

E

  • ECU

    Electronic control unit, a unit for any embedded system that controls one or more of the electrical systems or subsystems in a motor vehicle

  • Electronic Water Pump/oil Pump/fan Controller

    Control the operation of the water pump, oil pump, and fan of the vehicle, drive the corresponding medium (such as coolant, oil, wind) to circulate, and complete the heat dissipation of the engine, drive motor, high-voltage battery and other components. Mainly used in the thermal management of fuel vehicle engines and the thermal management system of new energy vehicles

  • EMC
    Electromagnetic compatibility, meaning that a device is compatible with (i.e. no interference is caused by) its electromagnetic environment and it does not emit levels of electromagnetic energy that cause electromagnetic interference in other devices in the vicinity
  • EPS
    Electrical power steering, which uses an electric motor to assist driver steering
  • ESC

    Electronic stability control, the electronic unit that improves a vehicle’s stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction. When the ESC detects loss of steering control, it automatically applies the brakes to help “steer” the vehicle where the driver intends to go

  • EV

    Electric Vehicle

H

  • HEV
    Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • HiL
    Hardware-in-the-loop, a technique used in the development and test of complex real-time embedded systems

I

  • IATF16949
    The technical specifications of the international automotive industry that based on ISO9001 and added to the technical specifications of the automotive industry.
  • Intelligent and Connected Vehicles

    Intelligent interaction, intelligent driving and intelligent services are the three major elements of intelligent and connected vehicles. Among them, intelligent interaction is developing in the direction of diversification and personalization, and terminals are constantly iterating. Intelligent services focus on closed-loop management of users, and vehicle manufacturers must develop their own content distribution capabilities. The core of the difference in intelligent driving capabilities is in computing platform and software development.

  • ISO 21434
    The risk of cyber attacks against automobiles is getting higher and higher, and new information security attack surfaces have emerged for automobiles because of the functional infrastructure of automobile over-the-air (OTA) technology, fleet management systems, and communication between vehicles and other devices. The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) World Vehicle Regulations Harmonization Forum proposed in April 2021 the certification standard ISO 21434 for "cyber security management systems", establishing technical standards for vehicle information security development in compliance with relevant regulations.
  • ISO 26262
    An international standard for functional safety applied to safety-related systems that include one or more electrical and/or electronic (E/E) systems and that are installed in series production passenger cars with a maximum gross vehicle mass up to 3,500 kg

L

  • Lane Departure Warning ECU

    The lane departure warning system provides intelligent lane departure warning. When detecting that vehicle has deviated from the lane, the sensor will collect vehicle data and the driver’s operating status in time, and the controller will issue an alarm signal. It can alert the driver before deviating from the lane, or remind the driver of the current state of the vehicle deviation by vibrating the steering wheel, providing more reaction time for the driver, and significantly reducing collision accidents caused by lane departure.

  • LiDAR
    A detection system which works on the principle of radar, but uses light from a laser
  • Lighting Module

    An electronic unit responsible for controlling and monitoring various lighting, including the lamp, the indicator and the backlight in a vehicle

M

  • MCU

    Motor control unit, a motor controller. According to the instruction of VCU, the rotation state of the motor is controlled

  • mmWave Radar

    On-board mmWave radar is a radar sensor used in the car body, and it is a standard configuration in the sensor solution for automatic driving. The on-board millimeter-wave radar transmits millimeter waves through the antenna, receives the reflected signal from the target, and obtains the physical environment information around the car body quickly and accurately after the rear processing, and then performs target tracking and identification classification based on the information, and then combines the dynamic information of the car body for data fusion, and finally through the CPU for intelligent processing.

  • Modular Solutions
    Solutions developed with the modular design approach, which is a design approach that subdivides target system into smaller parts called modules or skids, that can be independently created and then used in different systems. Our modular solutions are basically electronic hardware functional elements, which could be used in diverse application. Besides reduction in cost (due to less customization, and shorter learning time), and flexibility in design, modularity offers other benefits such as augmentation (adding new solution by merely plugging in a new module) and exclusion
  • MPV
    Multi-purpose Vehicles
  • Multi-functional Camera Controller

    Multi-functional camera controller is an advanced driving assistance applications related to front-view. The internal integrated camera can be connected to external multiple millimeter-wave radars, so as to accomplish forward-looking related advanced driving assistance applications, which can be used in driver-assistance system L2 and below.

  • Multi-mode Interaction System
    Provides a variety of modes for car users to interact with the system, which can be called a "multi-modal fusion interactive system". By fully simulating the interaction methods in different scenarios in a variety of ways, the car can quickly and accurately understand and meet the needs of users, thereby realizing an intelligent human-computer interaction experience.

N

  • NEV
    New Energy Vehicle

O

  • OBC
    On-board charger, the car charger which is normally supplied by the car battery, and is widely used in the battery charging field of various portable and handheld devices
  • Occupant Monitoring System OMS
    Occupancy Monitoring System achieves the detection of the passenger, rear occupants, leftovers by visual technology, including seat belt detection, passenger posture detection, and number of passengers, especially the detection and reminder of leftovers and children after the driver left the vehicle. OMS plays a role in personal safety and property safety.
  • OEMs
    Original equipment manufacturers and in the context of the automotive industry, automotive makers or brands that manufacture motor vehicles

P

  • PCB
    Printed Circuit Board
  • PCB-A
    Printed circuit board assembly, which is the process of soldering or assembly of electronic components on to the surface of a printed circuit board through surface-mount technology and plug-in process
  • PDU
    Power Distribution Unit
  • PHEV
    Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • Powertrain
    The powertrain system is a system of mechanical parts in a vehicle that produces energy and then converts the energy to propel the vehicle
  • PTC Heater

    Positive temperature coefficient heater, the control unit for the heating system of battery packs in new energy vehicles

S

  • Safety
    The safety system in a vehicle is a system designed to minimize the occurrence and consequences of traffic collisions
  • Semiconductor Device
    Semiconductor device is the smallest elements on a PCB, and is manufactured both as single discrete devices and as integrated circuits (ICs)
  • Silicon-carbide (SiC) Power Devices
    SiC power devices have low ON-resistance characteristics and excellent high-temperature, high-frequency and high-voltage performance, which significantly reduces the energy consumption of the equipment, and has become the mainstream low-loss semiconductor device of the next generation.
  • Smart Cockpit

    Through the configuration of dual-screen interaction, intelligent voice assistant, vehicle-to-everything, OTA, etc., the driving and riding experience in the car can be more comfortable and intelligent. The cockpit can display more information, better guarantee driving safety in the car, and provide a more comfortable driving environment in the car.

  • Software and Hardware Decoupling
    After the automotive electronic and electrical architecture has entered the functional domain architecture, multi-domain integration is moving towards central computing+regionalization, and automotive functional software is no longer constrained by hardware, and the develop space has been expanded as much as possible.
  • Software Platform
    A collection of embedded software elements, which includes the firmware, device drivers and an operating system. A software platform comes bundled with specific embedded micro-processors and can be reused in many applications, such as body control, powertrain and safety system. With a software platform, developers or users can configure the targeting embedded micro-processor and its peripherals, and can develop their high level software with highly efficiency
  • SUV
    Sports Utility Vehicles

T

  • TCU
    Transmission control units, often used for automatic transmission to make automatic change control to make driving easier
  • Technology Platform
    A combination of technologies that can be used to implement a particular product’s functionality or characteristics. The specific technology platform will be composed of many technical elements, which are organically combined based on some technical methodology. Basic technical elements of a technical platform include embedded software, semiconductor devices and elect ronic ci rcuits design. Technical platforms can be re-used in diverse applications, which have some of the same features or characteristics, such as functional safety or cyber security. Technical platforms give full play to the advantages of technology system, and can greatly improve the product development speed and reduce development costs
  • Tier 1 Suppliers
    Automotive parts suppliers which supply directly to OEMs
  • Time-shared Multiplexing Control Unit

    Integrated solution for time-shared multiplexing control unit supports the access of cameras and multiple sensors in the cockpit to realize multi-mode fusion recognition such as in-cabin vision and voice; it supports the access of 4 surround view cameras and ultrasonic radar outside the cabin, enabling vision+ distance integrated parking. Through the coordination of the system software, the processing resources are fully utilized to meet both in-cabin interaction and automatic parking functionalities

  • TPMS

    Tyre-pressure monitoring system, an electronic system designed to monitor the air pressure inside the pneumatic tyres on vehicles

V

  • VCU

    Vehicle control unit, the supervisory controller for electric or hybrid vehicles and is responsible to manage the system energy, command the torque, and coordinate the motor, battery pack and the on-board charging system, etc

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